炮兵巧胜单缺象——从一则排局作品说起

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[DhtmlXQ] [DhtmlXQ_ver]www_dpxq_com[/DhtmlXQ_ver] [DhtmlXQ_init]500,350[/DhtmlXQ_init] [DhtmlXQ_binit]9999999937999999998099149999999999994241509999999999999999999999[/DhtmlXQ_binit] [DhtmlXQ_title]图一[/DhtmlXQ_title] [DhtmlXQ_result]红胜[/DhtmlXQ_result] [DhtmlXQ_author]将族[/DhtmlXQ_author] [DhtmlXQ_type]实战中残局[/DhtmlXQ_type] [DhtmlXQ_owner]将族[/DhtmlXQ_owner] [DhtmlXQ_firstnum]0[/DhtmlXQ_firstnum] [DhtmlXQ_movelist][/DhtmlXQ_movelist] [/DhtmlXQ] 这是赵殿忠老师“火烧乌巢”中的一个变例，“迟暮寒士”棋友认为红方无法取胜。 炮骑河兵例胜单士象，前人早有著作论述。 本变例着法如下： [DhtmlXQ] [DhtmlXQ_ver]www_dpxq_com[/DhtmlXQ_ver] [DhtmlXQ_init]500,350[/DhtmlXQ_init] [DhtmlXQ_binit]9999999947999999998199057099999951998241409999999999999999999999[/DhtmlXQ_binit] [DhtmlXQ_title]火烧乌巢 红先胜 赵殿忠[/DhtmlXQ_title] [DhtmlXQ_result]红胜[/DhtmlXQ_result] [DhtmlXQ_author]将族[/DhtmlXQ_author] [DhtmlXQ_movelist]81805150473741520504524104148264706064426050405080894132374750518949422014245150243420024748022034445040485832414434413049432002431330413424413013103041241441521013524114040220040341321343404143494142031332411323413023334241334341315848314148384151435351414939[/DhtmlXQ_movelist] [DhtmlXQ_comment0]官渡之战中，火烧乌巢系重要战役，曹操利用袁绍恃强骄躁、不善用人、疏于筹策的弱点，后发制人，攻守相济，把握战机，出奇制胜，挟轻骑偷袭火烧了乌巢粮仓。成为中国古代战争史上以弱胜强的著名战例。[/DhtmlXQ_comment0] [DhtmlXQ_comment3] 红方帅五平六，防止黑方将5平4。若让黑方将5平4，再将4进1，红方势必要用炮换车，和棋。[/DhtmlXQ_comment3] [DhtmlXQ_type]实战中残局[/DhtmlXQ_type] [DhtmlXQ_owner]将族[/DhtmlXQ_owner] [DhtmlXQ_firstnum]0[/DhtmlXQ_firstnum] [DhtmlXQ_comment8_29]得士胜定[/DhtmlXQ_comment8_29] [DhtmlXQ_comment8_22]劣[/DhtmlXQ_comment8_22] [DhtmlXQ_comment27]帅走到无士一方，限制将活动范围。[/DhtmlXQ_comment27] [DhtmlXQ_comment23]如走兵六进一吃士则无法取胜[/DhtmlXQ_comment23] [DhtmlXQ_comment9_41]红胜定[/DhtmlXQ_comment9_41] [DhtmlXQ_comment9_30]劣[/DhtmlXQ_comment9_30] [DhtmlXQ_comment65]得士胜定[/DhtmlXQ_comment65] [DhtmlXQ_comment12]至此形成“炮骑河兵例胜单士象”实用残局。[/DhtmlXQ_comment12] [DhtmlXQ_move_0_22_8]50513444514147574131443431413433[/DhtmlXQ_move_0_22_8] [DhtmlXQ_move_0_30_9]415034332002332302202313200213030220585740305747[/DhtmlXQ_move_0_30_9] [/DhtmlXQ]

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[DhtmlXQ] [DhtmlXQ_ver]www_dpxq_com[/DhtmlXQ_ver] [DhtmlXQ_init]500,350[/DhtmlXQ_init] [DhtmlXQ_binit]9999999947999999998099349999999999994241509999999999999999999999[/DhtmlXQ_binit] [DhtmlXQ_title]图二[/DhtmlXQ_title] [DhtmlXQ_result]红胜[/DhtmlXQ_result] [DhtmlXQ_author]将族[/DhtmlXQ_author] [DhtmlXQ_type]实战中残局[/DhtmlXQ_type] [DhtmlXQ_owner]将族[/DhtmlXQ_owner] [DhtmlXQ_firstnum]0[/DhtmlXQ_firstnum] [DhtmlXQ_movelist][/DhtmlXQ_movelist] [/DhtmlXQ] 这是本局又一变形成的局面，比起一楼红方更易取胜，并且，在此基础上黑方加一底士，红方仍然能赢。 [DhtmlXQ] [DhtmlXQ_ver]www_dpxq_com[/DhtmlXQ_ver] [DhtmlXQ_init]500,350[/DhtmlXQ_init] [DhtmlXQ_binit]9999999947999999998099349999999999994241503099999999999999999999[/DhtmlXQ_binit] [DhtmlXQ_title] 图三[/DhtmlXQ_title] [DhtmlXQ_result]红胜[/DhtmlXQ_result] [DhtmlXQ_author]将族[/DhtmlXQ_author] [DhtmlXQ_type]实战中残局[/DhtmlXQ_type] [DhtmlXQ_owner]将族[/DhtmlXQ_owner] [DhtmlXQ_firstnum]0[/DhtmlXQ_firstnum] [DhtmlXQ_movelist][/DhtmlXQ_movelist] [/DhtmlXQ]

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[DhtmlXQ] [DhtmlXQ_ver]www_dpxq_com[/DhtmlXQ_ver] [DhtmlXQ_init]500,350[/DhtmlXQ_init] [DhtmlXQ_binit]9999999947999999998099349999999999994241503099999999999999999999[/DhtmlXQ_binit] [DhtmlXQ_title]图三[/DhtmlXQ_title] [DhtmlXQ_result]红胜[/DhtmlXQ_result] [DhtmlXQ_author]将族[/DhtmlXQ_author] [DhtmlXQ_type]实战中残局[/DhtmlXQ_type] [DhtmlXQ_owner]将族[/DhtmlXQ_owner] [DhtmlXQ_firstnum]0[/DhtmlXQ_firstnum] [DhtmlXQ_movelist]34444224445424428082422482894152546430418982413047575040645452415444244282894224894924024948022048184150181040414434413110193041193941325747313039325041321230401210200247574132101332413424413013103041241441521013524114040220040341321343404143494142031332411323413023334241334341315747314147374151435351414939[/DhtmlXQ_movelist] [DhtmlXQ_comment5]防止黑撑士[/DhtmlXQ_comment5] [DhtmlXQ_comment11]控制黑象[/DhtmlXQ_comment11] [DhtmlXQ_comment17]露帅[/DhtmlXQ_comment17] [DhtmlXQ_comment3_35]不能急于吃士，限制象的活动[/DhtmlXQ_comment3_35] [DhtmlXQ_move_0_16_1]404154442442828941518959422059525150574730415259504047482002485802244434240259190220342420021913413013103041241441521013524114040220040341321343404143494142031332411323413023334241334341315848314148384151435351414939[/DhtmlXQ_move_0_16_1] [DhtmlXQ_comment1_17]下一步捉死象[/DhtmlXQ_comment1_17] [DhtmlXQ_comment1_22]只能弃士，否则输得更快[/DhtmlXQ_comment1_22] [DhtmlXQ_comment1_69]得士胜[/DhtmlXQ_comment1_69] [DhtmlXQ_move_1_20_2]4131893930414443426443334132574764823932524132128260121831301848[/DhtmlXQ_move_1_20_2] [DhtmlXQ_comment2_20]速败[/DhtmlXQ_comment2_20] [DhtmlXQ_comment2_35]红速胜[/DhtmlXQ_comment2_35] [DhtmlXQ_move_0_30_3]414034334041333220021011414032310224111324425747[/DhtmlXQ_move_0_30_3] [DhtmlXQ_comment77]||得士胜定[/DhtmlXQ_comment77] [/DhtmlXQ]

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炮骑河兵对单缺象是实战中容易遇到的局面，不少人认为红方无士象很难取胜，所以就早早放弃了。其实这一残局红方巧胜的机会很多，即使走成和形，续走下去黑方也很难不露破绽，所以红方要有足够的耐心，要善于捕捉战机，执黑的一方也不能掉以轻心。 同样的局面（图三）黑方先走就是和棋。怎样才能走和？唯一的方法就是将6进1，这样的机会执黑一方未必就能抓住。

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[DhtmlXQ] [DhtmlXQ_ver]www_dpxq_com[/DhtmlXQ_ver] [DhtmlXQ_init]500,350[/DhtmlXQ_init] [DhtmlXQ_binit]9999999949999999995999349999999999994241503099999999999999999999[/DhtmlXQ_binit] [DhtmlXQ_title]图四[/DhtmlXQ_title] [DhtmlXQ_result]红胜[/DhtmlXQ_result] [DhtmlXQ_author]将族[/DhtmlXQ_author] [DhtmlXQ_type]实战中残局[/DhtmlXQ_type] [DhtmlXQ_owner]将族[/DhtmlXQ_owner] [DhtmlXQ_firstnum]0[/DhtmlXQ_firstnum] [DhtmlXQ_movelist][/DhtmlXQ_movelist] [/DhtmlXQ] 如图的局面也是红先胜黑先和，黑先唯一的走法就是士五进四。

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[DhtmlXQ] [DhtmlXQ_ver]www_dpxq_com[/DhtmlXQ_ver] [DhtmlXQ_init]500,350[/DhtmlXQ_init] [DhtmlXQ_binit]9999999939999999992899259999999999996441523099999999999999999999[/DhtmlXQ_binit] [DhtmlXQ_title] 图五[/DhtmlXQ_title] [DhtmlXQ_result]红胜[/DhtmlXQ_result] [DhtmlXQ_author]将族[/DhtmlXQ_author] [DhtmlXQ_type]实战中残局[/DhtmlXQ_type] [DhtmlXQ_owner]将族[/DhtmlXQ_owner] [DhtmlXQ_firstnum]0[/DhtmlXQ_firstnum] [DhtmlXQ_movelist][/DhtmlXQ_movelist] [/DhtmlXQ] 图五是一个有难度的局面，红方仍然可以巧胜。

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[DhtmlXQ] [DhtmlXQ_ver]www_dpxq_com[/DhtmlXQ_ver] [DhtmlXQ_init]500,350[/DhtmlXQ_init] [DhtmlXQ_binit]9999999939999999992899259999999999996441523099999999999999999999[/DhtmlXQ_binit] [DhtmlXQ_title] 图五[/DhtmlXQ_title] [DhtmlXQ_result]红胜[/DhtmlXQ_result] [DhtmlXQ_author]将族[/DhtmlXQ_author] [DhtmlXQ_type]实战中残局[/DhtmlXQ_type] [DhtmlXQ_owner]将族[/DhtmlXQ_owner] [DhtmlXQ_firstnum]0[/DhtmlXQ_firstnum] [DhtmlXQ_movelist]2524413224345251282232413444644239494152222742202717200244345241173702204948200237395150397941327972022072703241344450404454405048472042707242247279415254643041797241304757504064545241544424427279422479492402494602204616415016104041443441311019304119394132574731303932[/DhtmlXQ_movelist] [DhtmlXQ_comment5]！[/DhtmlXQ_comment5] [DhtmlXQ_comment15]！[/DhtmlXQ_comment15] [DhtmlXQ_comment25]！[/DhtmlXQ_comment25] [DhtmlXQ_comment31]！[/DhtmlXQ_comment31] [DhtmlXQ_comment41]！[/DhtmlXQ_comment41] [DhtmlXQ_comment67]红胜定，余着略[/DhtmlXQ_comment67] [DhtmlXQ_comment27]！[/DhtmlXQ_comment27] [DhtmlXQ_comment0]带“！”的为红方唯一着法[/DhtmlXQ_comment0] [/DhtmlXQ]

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本局针对图五的一些变化进行拆解 [DhtmlXQ] [DhtmlXQ_ver]www_dpxq_com[/DhtmlXQ_ver] [DhtmlXQ_init]500,350[/DhtmlXQ_init] [DhtmlXQ_binit]9999999939999999992899249999999999996441513099999999999999999999[/DhtmlXQ_binit] [DhtmlXQ_title] 图六[/DhtmlXQ_title] [DhtmlXQ_result]红胜[/DhtmlXQ_result] [DhtmlXQ_author]将族[/DhtmlXQ_author] [DhtmlXQ_type]实战中残局[/DhtmlXQ_type] [DhtmlXQ_owner]将族[/DhtmlXQ_owner] [DhtmlXQ_firstnum]0[/DhtmlXQ_firstnum] [DhtmlXQ_movelist]2838644224345150394942204948204248474220381820021878022078702042344442244454244270724224727941525464524179595040645424425453422053522002525102205919[/DhtmlXQ_movelist] [DhtmlXQ_comment2_16]同上局[/DhtmlXQ_comment2_16] [DhtmlXQ_move_0_16_2]5040[/DhtmlXQ_move_0_16_2] [DhtmlXQ_comment16]本局变着[/DhtmlXQ_comment16] [DhtmlXQ_comment3_26]同上局[/DhtmlXQ_comment3_26] [DhtmlXQ_comment37]红胜定[/DhtmlXQ_comment37] [DhtmlXQ_move_0_26_3]3041[/DhtmlXQ_move_0_26_3] [DhtmlXQ_comment26]本局变着[/DhtmlXQ_comment26] [DhtmlXQ_move_0_6_4]42603836608236168264494864421612505134444152121642201619515019105241484750511019515019592042445450405453422053522002525102205919[/DhtmlXQ_move_0_6_4][DhtmlXQ_comment4_37]红速胜[/DhtmlXQ_comment4_37][DhtmlXQ_comment4_6]劣[/DhtmlXQ_comment4_6][DhtmlXQ_comment6]正[/DhtmlXQ_comment6] [/DhtmlXQ] 炮骑河兵巧胜单缺象取胜要点： 1、利用中炮底炮牵制士象。 2、黑方撑羊角士的时，炮到黑方布置线控制。 3、用骑河兵威胁河口象， 使用以上手段逼迫黑方走成不利的局面。 图五就是多次运用上面的战术，最后得士取胜。一般来说，黑方只要走成羊角士并且象可以落回底线，红方就难以取胜，这是红方要特别注意的一点。

zhaodi

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单缺象对炮骑河兵守和要点： 一般来说，黑方只要走成羊角士并且象可以落回底线，红方就难以取胜。所以黑方就要是尽量走成这种局面。 [DhtmlXQ] [DhtmlXQ_ver]www_dpxq_com[/DhtmlXQ_ver] [DhtmlXQ_init]500,350[/DhtmlXQ_init] [DhtmlXQ_binit]9999999948999999997999349999999999992032504199999999999999999999[/DhtmlXQ_binit] [DhtmlXQ_title] 图七[/DhtmlXQ_title] [DhtmlXQ_result]红胜[/DhtmlXQ_result] [DhtmlXQ_author]将族[/DhtmlXQ_author] [DhtmlXQ_type]实战中残局[/DhtmlXQ_type] [DhtmlXQ_owner]将族[/DhtmlXQ_owner] [DhtmlXQ_firstnum]0[/DhtmlXQ_firstnum] [DhtmlXQ_movelist][/DhtmlXQ_movelist] [/DhtmlXQ]

纹枰老妖

[/quote] 这副局推演了半天，象棋果然是门艺术！

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炮兵对单缺象总结：如果攻方无士相，即使骑河兵也只能巧胜。 有一相：高兵例胜。 有一士：1、兵在布置线例胜， 2、兵在次底线可巧胜：左兵右帅的情况下，兵将同侧则胜，兵将异侧并且将不能露头也可胜，将能露头则和。 有一士一相：兵在次底线例胜。